Hengkara Majaya

Perawatan Sea Water Pump dalam Menjaga Kinerja Pendingin Air Tawar di Mesin Induk

2026-09-28T15:58:08+00:00

This study aims to analyze the factors causing the decline in the performance of the main cooling sea water pump in the main engine cooling process aboard MT. Sei Pakning, the impacts on the cooling system, and the preventive measures that can be implemented to maintain optimal pump performance. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method through interviews supported by Planned Maintenance System (PMS) documents, parameter observations, and other supporting documents. The results indicate that the decrease in pump performance can be identified through several indicators, such as reduced pressure shown on the pressure gauge, increased pump casing temperature, abnormal noise and vibration, and increased electric current indicated on the ampere meter. The main factors causing the decline in pump performance include impeller wear due to cavitation, excessive clearance between the impeller and mouth ring, dirty strainers clogged by debris, leakage in the pump system caused by improper alignment during installation, and problems in the electric motor. The decrease in pump performance results in an insufficient seawater supply to the central cooler, thereby disrupting the heat exchange process and causing the main engine jacket water temperature to exceed normal limits. This condition may lead to overheating and damage to engine components such as the cylinder liner and piston rings. Preventive measures that can be taken include regular visual inspections, strainer cleaning, monitoring pump running hours, implementation of the Planned Maintenance System (PMS), the use of spare parts according to specifications, and proper installation of pump components with correct clearance and alignment. With proper maintenance, the performance of the main engine cooling system can be maintained optimally.

Optimization of Radar Navigation Tools When Passing through the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lanes on the Srikandi 511 SPOB Ship

2026-09-28T15:58:53+00:00

Radar will be very useful during bad weather, foggy conditions and sailing at night, especially when navigational instructions such as beacons, buoys, hills or buildings cannot be visually observed. So, prospective ship officers must know and understand how to use radar navigation tools, because shipping lanes or ALKI are prone to collisions and running aground. The aim of the research was to find out the role of radar navigation equipment on ships when passing ALKI and to find out the efforts to optimize the use of radar when passing ALKI. The data analysis technique in this study was a qualitative descriptive analysis, namely by describing the data obtained from literature and field studies. On the basis of the data collected, it was then analyzed to find a solution for optimizing radar navigation tools when passing through the Indonesian archipelago sea lanes on the SPOB Srikandi 511 ship. The results of the study were the role and function of the radar during sailing, namely: Positioning and plotting; Identifying targets; and detecting the risk of collision, to optimize the function of the radar on the ship, namely: Master: guidance during familiarization, other officers: mutual learning cooperation and sharing knowledge and sharing experiences, Company: Carrying out tests/selection of capabilities and skills for new crew and providing training and refreshing radar operation.

Efektivitas Pelayanan Debarkasi Penumpang Kapal PT PELNI di Pelabuhan Yos Sudarso Ambon

2026-09-28T15:43:57+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of PT PELNI's passenger disembarkation services at Yos Sudarso Port, Ambon, and identify factors influencing its implementation. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through six months of observation, interviews with one Operations Officer at the Ambon Branch of PT PELNI and four passengers, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that disembarkation services have been effective based on five indicators of effectiveness according to Siagian: goal achievement, timeliness, task execution, coordination, and support from facilities and infrastructure. Although service duration increased with the increase in passenger numbers, the disembarkation process remained safe, orderly, and in accordance with Standard Operating Procedures. Factors influencing service effectiveness include passenger volume, facility capacity, officer workload, and inter-agency coordination. This study confirms that the effectiveness of disembarkation services is determined by the integration of operational aspects, human resources, coordination, and facility support in the provision of maritime transportation services.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas pelayanan debarkasi penumpang kapal PT PELNI di Pelabuhan Yos Sudarso Ambon serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pelaksanaannya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi selama enam bulan, wawancara terhadap satu Officer Operasi PT PELNI Cabang Ambon dan empat penumpang, serta dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan debarkasi telah berlangsung efektif berdasarkan lima indikator efektivitas menurut Siagian, yaitu pencapaian tujuan, ketepatan waktu, pelaksanaan tugas, koordinasi, serta dukungan sarana dan prasarana. Meskipun durasi pelayanan meningkat seiring bertambahnya jumlah penumpang, proses debarkasi tetap berlangsung aman, tertib, dan sesuai dengan Standar Operasional Prosedur. Faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas pelayanan meliputi volume penumpang, kapasitas fasilitas, beban kerja petugas, dan koordinasi antarinstansi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa efektivitas pelayanan debarkasi ditentukan oleh keterpaduan aspek operasional, sumber daya manusia, koordinasi, dan dukungan fasilitas dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan transportasi laut.

Perawatan Sistem Bahan Bakar pada Main Engine di Kapal MV. Buyut Langlang Buana

2026-09-28T15:55:47+00:00

This study aims to determine the impact and efforts in preventing fuel system damage to the main engine. With qualitative research methods that produce descriptive data, fuel system maintenance and efforts to prevent fuel system damage can be described clearly and clearly because the data obtained from direct interviews and supported by documentation methods that provide a clearer picture of the information conveyed. The results obtained by the author during the research are that the quality of fuel is not suitable due to the content and characteristics of the fuel received during the bunker, fuel mixed with other substances such as water and mud is the cause of the damage to the content and characteristics of the fuel itself. The discussion of the results of the research is the selection of pure and clean fuel and regular maintenance of the fuel system. The conclusion of the results of the study shows that it is important to maintain fuel quality in the operation of the main engine and the smooth operation of the ship. This can happen because the fuel supplied to the ship is not in good condition and not suitable for use. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance of the fuel system and make efforts to clean the tank during docking.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dan upaya dalam mencegah kerusakan sistem bahan bakar pada main engine. Dengan metode penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif, perawatan sistem bahan bakar dan upaya dalam pencegaham kerusakan sistem bahan bakar dapat digambarkan secara jelas dan nyata karena data yang diperoleh dari interview secara langsung serta ditunjang metode dokumentasi yang memberikan gambaran lebih jelas mengenai informasi yang disampaikan. Hasil yang didapat penulis selama melakukan penelitian adalah kualitas bahan bakar yang tidak sesuai disebabkan oleh kandungan dan karakteristik bahan bakar yang diterima saat bunker, bahan bakar yang tercampur dengan zat-zat lain seperti air dan lumpur merupakan penyebab dari rusaknya kandungan dan karakteristik bahan bakar itu sendiri. Pembahasan terhadap hasil penelitian adalah pemilihan bahan bakar yang murni dan bersih serta melakukan perawatan sistem bahan bakar secara berkala. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pentingnya menjaga kualitas bahan bakar dalam pengoperasian main engine dan kelancaran operasional kapal. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena bahan bakar yang disupply ke kapal dalam keadaan kurang baik dan kurang layak untuk digunakan. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan perawatan sistem bahan bakar secara berkala serta melakukan upaya pembersihan tanki saat docking.

Optimalisasi Penggunaan Alat Keselamatan di Kamar Mesin Kapal KM. AK

2026-09-28T15:47:50+00:00

This study was conducted due to the high risk of occupational accidents in the ship's engine room resulting from the inadequate use, supervision, and maintenance of safety equipment. The engine room is one of the most critical areas on board, functioning as the operational center for the main propulsion system and auxiliary machinery. Due to its nature, the engine room presents various hazards, including fire, explosion, fuel leakage, heat exposure, excessive noise, and other occupational accidents. Therefore, the implementation of effective safety measures and the proper use of safety equipment in accordance with applicable standards are essential to protect ship personnel. This study aims to determine the condition of safety equipment and identify efforts to optimize its use in the engine room of MV AK. A qualitative research method was employed, with data collected through direct observation, interviews with engine department crew members, and documentation during the sea practice period on board MV AK. The findings indicate that most safety equipment was available and operational; however, some equipment was found to be unserviceable, while routine inspection and maintenance were not consistently carried out. In addition, awareness among engine crew members regarding the use of personal protective equipment requires improvement. The study concludes that optimizing safety equipment utilization can be achieved through regular maintenance, stricter supervision of PPE usage, periodic safety training, and improved provision and maintenance of safety equipment by the shipping company.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya risiko kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi di kamar mesin kapal akibat kurang optimalnya penggunaan, pengawasan, serta perawatan alat keselamatan kerja. Kamar mesin merupakan salah satu bagian vital pada kapal yang berfungsi sebagai pusat pengoperasian mesin penggerak dan berbagai peralatan penunjang lainnya. Dalam pelaksanaannya, kamar mesin memiliki tingkat risiko yang tinggi terhadap berbagai potensi bahaya, seperti kebakaran, ledakan, kebocoran bahan bakar, paparan panas, kebisingan, serta kecelakaan kerja lainnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penerapan sistem keselamatan kerja yang efektif melalui penggunaan alat keselamatan yang sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku untuk melindungi awak kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi alat keselamatan yang tersedia serta upaya optimalisasi penggunaan alat keselamatan di kamar mesin kapal KM. AK. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara dengan awak kapal, dan dokumentasi selama pelaksanaan praktik laut di atas kapal KM. AK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar alat keselamatan di kamar mesin telah tersedia dan dapat digunakan, namun masih ditemukan beberapa alat yang kurang layak pakai, kurangnya pemeriksaan dan perawatan secara berkala, serta rendahnya kesadaran sebagian kru mesin dalam penggunaan alat pelindung diri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa optimalisasi penggunaan alat keselamatan di kamar mesin kapal dapat dilakukan melalui pelaksanaan perawatan rutin, peningkatan pengawasan penggunaan alat pelindung diri, pelaksanaan pelatihan keselamatan kerja secara berkala, serta peningkatan pengadaan dan pemeliharaan alat keselamatan oleh perusahaan pelayaran.

Perawatan Oil Water Separator di Kapal KM Mutiara Berkah II

2026-09-28T15:51:38+00:00

Marine pollution caused by the disposal of oily waste from ships is an environmental problem that requires serious attention. The Oil Water Separator (OWS) is auxiliary equipment on ships used to separate oil from bilge water before it is discharged into the sea in accordance with MARPOL Annex I regulations, which limit oil content to a maximum of 15 PPM. However, several operational problems were found that caused the OWS performance on board KM Mutiara Berkah II to become less optimal. This study aims to determine the maintenance frequency of the OWS, identify the indicators and causes of OWS disturbances, and analyze maintenance efforts to maintain optimal OWS performance. This study used a qualitative research method with data collection techniques consisting of observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study during sea practice in 2025 aboard KM Mutiara Berkah II owned by PT Atosim Lampung Pelayaran. The results showed that OWS maintenance was carried out daily, weekly, and monthly. The problems found included damage to the Oil Content Monitor (OCM) motherboard, accumulation of sludge and oil in the coalescer, filters, and separator tank, causing the oil content to reach 17-18 PPM, exceeding the required standard limit. After cleaning, flushing, and component repairs were carried out, the OWS performance returned to normal and the system operated according to SOP. Therefore, periodic maintenance and routine component inspections are essential to maintain OWS performance and prevent marine environmental pollution.

ABSTRAK

Pencemaran laut akibat pembuangan limbah minyak dari kapal menjadi salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius. Oil Water Separator (OWS) merupakan peralatan bantu di kapal yang berfungsi memisahkan minyak dari air got sebelum dibuang ke laut sesuai ketentuan MARPOL Annex I dengan batas maksimal kandungan minyak 15 PPM. Namun, dalam pengoperasiannya masih ditemukan beberapa kendala yang menyebabkan performa OWS tidak bekerja secara optimal di kapal KM Mutiara Berkah II. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi perawatan OWS, mengidentifikasi indikator dan faktor penyebab gangguan pada OWS, serta mengetahui upaya perawatan untuk menjaga performa OWS agar tetap optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi literatur selama praktek laut tahun 2025 di KM Mutiara Berkah II milik PT Atosim Lampung Pelayaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perawatan OWS dilakukan secara harian, mingguan, dan bulanan. Gangguan yang ditemukan meliputi kerusakan motherboard Oil Content Monitor (OCM), penumpukan lumpur dan minyak pada coalescer, filter, dan tabung pemisah yang menyebabkan kadar minyak mencapai 17-18 PPM atau melebihi batas standar. Setelah dilakukan cleaning, flushing, dan perbaikan komponen, performa OWS kembali normal dan sistem dapat bekerja sesuai SOP. Dengan demikian, perawatan berkala dan pemeriksaan komponen secara rutin sangat penting untuk menjaga kinerja OWS dan mencegah pencemaran lingkungan laut.